Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 76120 10.21603/2074-9414-2024-1-2494 ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ Pneumocentrifugal Classification of Dispersed Particles during Grain Milling Пневмоцентробежная классификация дисперсных частиц в процессе переработки зерна в муку https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3832-8111 Терехова Ольга Николаевна Terekhova Olga N. onter@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1944-8841 Дуюнова Яна Сергеевна Duyunova Yana S. Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И. И. Ползунова Барнаул Россия Polzunov Altai State Technical University Barnaul Russian Federation Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И. И. Ползунова Барнаул Россия Polzunov Altai State Technical University Barnaul Russian Federation 28 03 2024 28 03 2024 54 1 124 134 26 05 2023 03 10 2023 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/22328/22372/

В России наблюдается спрос на мучную продукцию, вырабатываемую с использованием «сухого» метода получения крахмала и клейковины. Целью работы являлось исследование параметров пневмоцентробежной классификации тонкодисперсных частиц в спиральном классификаторе-отделителе, предназначенном для разделения продуктов размола зерна на фракции, которые отличаются комплексом свойств, отделения твердой фазы от воздуха и выделения из общего потока продуктов размола высокобелковой фракции муки. Объект исследования – процесс пневмоклассификации продуктов размола зерна. Применили математическое моделирование и провели эксперимент. Аналитически рассмотрели процесс движения и осаждения частиц в рабочей зоне классификатора. Изучили влияние на характер траекторий движения частиц, их осаждение массы и плотности, скорость воздуха и соотношение геометрических параметров канала. Экспериментально определили влияние на общую эффективность процесса классификации скорости движения воздуха и концентрации аэросмеси. Получили результаты по режимам классификации для частиц с различных размольных и драных систем, которые отличаются скоростями витания, размерами и плотностью. При скорости воздуха от 6 до 8 м/с на первом витке спирального классификатора с отношением внутреннего радиуса змеевика к внутреннему диаметру трубы r1/dтр = 7,9, на втором витке при r1/dтр = 7, на третьем витке при r1/dтр = 6,25. На последующих витках при r1/dтр < 5 выделяется фракция размером до 160 мкм, в том числе мелкие высокобелковые фракции муки с размером частиц 17–20 мкм. Около 80 % продукта оседает на первом витке, на втором около 12 % продукта, а на третьем около 8 % продукта. Максимальная эффективность отделения продукта третьей драной системы достигает 98 % при входной скорости 6 м/с. Максимальная эффективность отделения муки высшего сорта достигает 99,2 % при входной скорости 4,2 м/с. Полученные результаты подтверждают возможность использования классификатора для разделения продуктов измельчения зерна пшеницы на фракции по комплексу свойств с выделением высокобелковой фракции муки и отделением дисперсного продукта от воздушного потока как в качестве самостоятельного устройства, так и при работе в технологической схеме сортового помола зерна в муку на этапе работы сепараторов и разгрузчиков пневмотранспортных систем.

Russia enjoys a stable demand for flour products, including those obtained by the dry method of starch and gluten production. This study featured pneumocentrifugal parameters of fine particles in a spiral separator that classified milled grain into fractions, separated the solid phase from air, and identified the high-protein flour fraction in the flow. Pneumatically classified flour was subjected to mathematical modeling and experimental research. The analysis of movement and deposition of particles in the working area covered particle mass, density, air-flow rate, and geometry, as well as their effect on the trajectory of particle movement and deposition. The experiment also involved the effect of air-flow rate and air-mix concentration on the classification efficiency. Particles from various grinding and break systems demonstrated classification modes that differed in soaring rate, size, and density. At an air-flow rate of 6–8 m/s, turn 1 of the spiral separator had the ratio of the internal coil radius to the inner pipe diameter as r1/dpipe = 7.9; it was r1/dpipe = 7 on turn 2 and fell down to r1/dpipe = 6.25 on turn 3; for all subsequent turns, the ratio was r1/dpipe < 5. Under these conditions, the fraction reached 160 µm and included small high-protein flour fractions with a particle size of 17–20 µm. The percentage of product accumulated on turns 1, 2, and 3 was 80, 12, and 8%, respectively. The maximal product separation efficiency of the third drain system was as high as 98% at an input rate of 6 m/s. The maximal separation efficiency for premium flour reached 99.2% at an input rate of 4.2 m/s. The separator proved efficient in classifying wheat grain flour into fractions as it was able to separate high-protein fraction and dispersed particles from the air flow. The separator could be used both as an independent device and as part of a complex technological scheme at the stage of pneumatic separators and unloaders.

 Мука продукты размола фракции муки высокобелковая фракция дисперсная частица воздух спираль классификатор Flour milling products flour fractions high-protein fraction dispersed particle air spiral separator Работа выполнена в рамках научно-исследовательской работы кафедры машины и аппараты пищевых производств на базе учебно-исследовательской лаборатории вентиляции Алтайского государственного технического университета им. И. И. Ползунова (АлтГТУ). The research was performed at the Department of Food Production Equipment and the Academic and Research Ventilation Laboratory, Polzunov Altai State Technical University (AltSTU).

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