Moscow, Russian Federation
Moscow, Russian Federation
Moscow, Russian Federation
Moscow, Russian Federation
Moscow, Russian Federation
Moscow, Russian Federation
The article discusses the dairy industry in the Chuvash Republic, Russia. The Russian Federation is experiencing a shortage of milk. Currently, the per capita milk consumption in the country is by more than a quarter behind the rational intake recommended by the Ministry of Health, which is 325 kg. However, the Chuvash Republic boasts 373 kg of per capita milk production, which is by 71% higher than the average data for the rest of the country, and the high quality of Chuvash milk is unanimously confirmed by leading domestic experts. The authors analyzed the success factors of milk production in the Chuvash Republic to be extrapolated on the entire domestic industry. The research relied on such demographic data as the ratio of urban vs. rural population; dairy herd data, e.g., livestock population, farm types, dairy productivity, etc.; dairy production and processing business data. The methods included systematization, generalization, grouping, statistical data processing, and analysis of temporal dynamics indicators. The Chuvash Republic has a large percentage of rural population and a lot of subsidiary dairy farms: 22 000 farms own more than 60% of dairy cows in the region and provide 55% of milk processing volumes. Subsidies allocated by the local government allow farm owners to ensure the high dairy productivity of cows. Most of the milk in the Chuvash Republic can be classified as near-organic. Leading regional milk producers have their own agricultural lands to provide environmentally friendly feed, as well as specialized premises for herd keeping and milking, retail outlets to sell their products, etc. A third of enterprises maintain the milk productivity at 7800–9200 kg, which is as high as in Denmark, the Netherlands, Great Britain, and Germany. Most Chuvash dairy farmers owe their high results to the state support funds allocated for the purchase of breeding cattle. The twelve largest milk producers in the region provide 100% of the output of drinking milk, so private farms mainly focus on meeting the needs of dairy processing enterprises. The latter also receive seasonal subsidies. The Chuvash milk miracle can be explained by the following factors: big rural population; private subsidiary farms; high-quality breeding dairy livestock; high-quality feed; good milk production and processing equipment. However, the comprehensive system of state support measures remains the most important success factor.
Milk, quality, agro-industrial complex, production, consumption, livestock, breeding stock
1. Agarkova EYu, Ryazantseva KA, Kruchinin AG. Anti-diabetic activity of whey proteins. Food Processing: Techniques and Technology. 2020;50(2):306-318. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2020-2-306-318
2. Maytakov AL, Sarafanov AA. Plant- and whey-based sustainable technology: Development potential. Food Processing: Techniques and Technology. 2020;50(2):261-272. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2020-2-261-272
3. Shilov AI, Shilov OA. The production and consumption of milk and dairy products in Russia. Development dynamics and prospects. Technology and Merchandising of the Innovative Foodstuff. 2020;63(4):116-119. (In Russ.). https://elibrary.ru/ISKKCG
4. Shinkareva OV, Mayorova EA. Evaluation of the needs of Russia in the production of milk and dairy products to ensure rational personal consumption norms. Azimuth of Scientific Research: Economics and Administration. 2020;9(1):395-397. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.26140/anie-2020-0901-0099
5. Kitaev YuA. Development trends of dairy cattle breeding in the Russian federation. Vestnik of Voronezh State Agrarian University. 2020;13(3):182-187. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17238/issn2071-2243.2020.3.182
6. Suray NM, Mirgorodskaya MG, Kuraev AN, Burlankov PS, Melnikova YuV. Regional experience in supporting the development of agricultural consumer cooperation. Food Processing: Techniques and Technology. 2022;52(1):13-31. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2022-1-13-31
7. Kishkina NI, Filimonova TV. Modern possibilities of improving the quality of dairy products. Dairy Industry. 2022;(9):8-9. (In Russ.). https://elibrary.ru/IFREXC
8. Makeeva IA, Stratonova NV. Monitoring the quality of national dairy products. Dairy Industry. 2021;(1):28-29. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31515/1019-8946-2021-01-28-29
9. The Best and the Worst Milk 2022 [Internet]. [cited 2022 Dec 20]. Available from: https://rskrf.ru/news/luchshee-i-khudshee-moloko-2022-goda/?ysclid=lcqjujhh1o100248518
10. Elemanova RSh. Seasonal changes in the protein composition of khainak milk. Food Processing: Techniques and Technology. 2022;52(3):555-569. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2022-3-2381
11. Panasenko SV, Suray NM, Tatochenko AL, Rodinova NP, Ostroukhov VM. Sustainable raw material base as a factor of competitiveness of cheese-making enterprises. Food Processing: Techniques and Technology. 2022;52(4):706-717. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2022-4-2400
12. Mayorov AA, Musina ON. Efficient milk processing: hidden opportunities for growth. Dairy Industry. 2020;(10):6-10. (In Russ.). https://elibrary.ru/QIIXNJ
13. Rybalova TI. The dairy industry of Russia in 2018. Dairy Industry. 2019;(1):4-9. (In Russ.). https://elibrary.ru/PPKZGD
14. Panasenko SV, Surai NM, Tatochenko AL, Terekhova AA, Sidorova ES. Analysis of indicators of milk production in terms of ensuring food security in Russia. Dairy Industry. 2022;(5):43-48. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31515/1019-8946-2022-05-43-48
15. Milk production in the Russian Federation in 2019: Federal Service of State Statistics. Journal of Dairy and Beef Cattle Breeding. 2020;(3):24-26. (In Rus.). https://elibrary.ru/GKOAUH
16. Kavas N. Yogurt-like product from lupine (Lupinus albus L.) milk as an alternative to dairy products. Foods and Raw Materials. 2022;10(2):377-385. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2022-2-546
17. Ryabtseva SA, Tabakova YuA, Khramtsov AG, Anisimov GS, Kravtsov VA. Modelling formation and removal of biofilms in secondary dairy raw materials. Foods and Raw Materials. 2021;9(1):59-68. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2021-1-59-68
18. Ryazantseva KA, Agarkova EYu, Fedotova OB. Continuous hydrolysis of milk proteins in membrane reactors of various configurations. Foods and Raw Materials. 2021;9(2):271-281. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2021-2-271-281
19. Karimi E, Yari M, Ghaneialvar H, Kazemi HR, Asadzadeh R, Aidy A, et al. Effects of dust phenomenon on heavy metals in raw milk in western Iran. Foods and Raw Materials. 2020;8(2):241-249. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2020-2-241-249
20. Belov AS, Voronin AA, Gruzdev AV, Zhebit MEh, Rozhkov RS, et al. Dairy Industry 2021. Moscow: Natsionalʹnyy soyuz proizvoditeley moloka; 2021. 388 p. (In Russ.).
21. Socio-economic situation of the Volga Federal District in 2021. Moscow: Rosstat; 2022. 82 p. (In Russ.).
22. Socio-economic indicators in Russia’s regions. Moscow: Rosstat; 2022. 1122 p. (In Russ.).
23. All-Russian Agricultural Census 2016. Volume 5: Farm livestock. Book 2: census by number of farm animals. Moscow: Statistika Rossii; 2018. 453 p. (In Russ.).
24. Minakov IA. Trends and prospects for the development of dairy cattle breeding in small forms of management. Economy of Agricultural and Processing Enterprises. 2022;(1):43-48. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2022-0-1-43-48
25. Kaleev NV, Kuchin NN, Generalov IG. State subsidies in the dairy cattle breeding industry of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Economics of Agriculture of Russia. 2020;(11):52-56. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.32651/2011-52
26. Leshchukov KA. Russian organic milk - myth, reality or new opportunities? Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2019;184(5):48-53. (In Russ.). https:/elibrary.ru/LQYPIR
27. Dmitrieva EG, Mordvinova VA, Ivanova NV. Competition “Quality assurance - 2021”: Dairy products. Dairy Industry. 2022;(1):40-42. (In Russ.). https://elibrary.ru/VWOGYQ
28. Brikach GE. The law of diminishing returns under increased milk production in the Republic of Belarus. Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice. 2020;19(3):586-594. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24891/ea.19.3.586
29. Svetlov NM. Sensitivity of Russia's agriculture to foreign trade policy. Economics of Agriculture of Russia. 2021;(9):17-22. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.32651/219-17
30. Konkina VS. External expansion of the dairy market: arguments “for” and “against”. Russian Economic Journal. 2022;(2):48-59. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2022-2-48-59
31. New state support for dairy farms to appear in Chuvashia [Internet]. [cited 2022 Dec 20]. Available from: https://cap.ru/news/2022/01/26/dlya-predpriyatij-molochnoj-otrasli-chuvashii-poya?ysclid=ld1wgrtlix271213111
